Audit

This category covers all kinds of auditing topics including both internal audit and external audit. In addition, we will also cover all types of procedures including control and substantive procedures.

Five Components of Internal Control under the COSO Framework

For companies to be profitable, they need their processes to run as efficiently and effectively as possible. For obvious reasons, planning how companies perform these processes play a fundamental role in ensuring profitability. However, just planning out their processes does not suffice. Companies must also have systems to ensure their processes run according to the […]

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What is Sampling Risk in Audit?

When auditors audit the financial statements of a client, there are different stages they must go through. Usually, auditors must complete all these stages within a predetermined amount of time. Therefore, auditors work under deadlines to meet all the requirements and complete the audit on time. Due to the time-constraint, it is not always possible

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Test of Controls: Definition, Test of Controls Procedures and Examples

The internal control of a company defines its policies, processes, tasks, behaviours, and other aspects that help in effective operations, ensure the quality of internal and external reporting and ensure compliance with applicable laws. The definition is from the Turnbull report that Nigel Turnbull produced after drawing it up with the London Stock Exchange. The

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What Are the Three Types of Audit Risk?

Auditing is the process of examining the financial statements of a company. Usually, external auditors conduct audits. External auditors are independent parties not related to the management of the auditee company. The process of auditing consists of many different procedures that auditors perform to form an opinion on whether the financial statements present a true

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What is Bank Confirmation?

Overview In this article, we will cover the bank confirmation. As part of the audit procedures for cash and bank, the bank confirmation letter is really important to ensure the existent and completeness. Before going in detail, let’s go through the overview and some key definition. As you may be aware of, the external auditors

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